analytic syllabus: A linguistic syllabus in which learners analyse language use from examples.

CALL: Computer- Assisted Language Learning.

closed: Interactional feature of a task in which one or a limited number of solutions are possible.

convergent: Interactional feature of a task in which learners come to agreement.

decision-making: Task in which interactants must choose between different resolutions and come to agreement.

divergent: Interactional feature of a task in which learners have different goals.

domain experts: People with specialised or 'insider' knowledge about how specific real-life tasks are carried out in a particular domain.

exit task: The final pedagogic task in a pedagogic unit, normally the most complex pedagogic task in the sequence.

explicit learning: Learning how a language works from conscious study, e.g. of grammar rules.

Focus on Form: Dealing with learners' language needs as they arise when they are engaged in meaningful tasks.

Focus on FormS: Dealing with language points in a sequential, predetermined manner.

Focus on Meaning: Dealing with linguistic form in an entirely implicit manner, e.g. without studying grammar rules.

implicit learning: Learning to use a language from exposure, without conscious study, as we do as children.

information gap: Task involving transfer of information between interactants.

interactant: A participant in a 2-way or multiple-way task.

Interaction Hypothesis: Idea that interaction during task performance drives language acquisition.

jigsaw task: Task in which different interactants hold different information keys to solving the task.

MALL: Mobile-Assisted Language Learning; sometimes, Multimedia-Assisted Language Learning.

Needs Analysis (NA): A process by which information is gathered about the needs of learners.

negotiation of meaning: Interaction in which learners try to make themselves understood during task performance.

open: Interactional feature of a task in which many solutions are possible.

opinion exchange: Task in which interactants share opinions, attitudes, feelings, etc., on a given topic.

pedagogic language task (PLT): A task designed for use in the classroom which involves language use.

pedagogic task (PT): A task designed for use in the classroom.

pedagogic technology task (PTT): A task designed for use in the classroom which involves technology use.

pre-task: Pedagogic task(s) or language activity/ies which precede a main pedagogic task.

problem-solving: Task in which interactants hold information in common, to be used to solve the task.

resource-directing variables: Variables of task complexity (e.g. 'number of elements') which direct learners' attention to linguistic aspects of a task.

resource-dispersing variables: Variables of task complexity (e.g. 'planning time') which disperse learners' attention across non-linguistic aspects of a task.

Second Language Acquisition (SLA): Second Language Acquisition (SLA).

synthetic syllabus: A linguistic syllabus in which learners are taught language in bits and pieces, which they must synthesize to use.

Target Task (TT): A real-world task identified by NA.

Target Task Type (TTT): A more general concept of task which brings together very specific target tasks.

task: "By ‘task’ is meant the hundred and one things people do in everyday life, at work, at play, and in between" (Long, 1985).

task complexity: "The result of the attentional, memory, reasoning and other information processing demands imposed by the structure of the task on the language learner." (Robinson, 2001).

task conditions: Variables that place interactional and communicative demands on learners.

task difficulty: Variables related to individual learner characteristics.

Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT): Approach to language teaching where the building blocks of a syllabus are communicative tasks.

technology-mediated TBLT: An approach in which pedagogic language tasks and technology tasks are integrated.

Triadic Componential Framework: Peter Robinson's classification of cognitive and other task features.

triangulation: Using 2+ methods and/or 2+ sources to verify information in a needs analysis.

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